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Wednesday, January 14, 2015

ScienceDaily: Top Technology News

ScienceDaily: Top Technology News

First contracting human muscle grown in laboratory

Posted: 13 Jan 2015 12:40 PM PST

Researchers have grown human skeletal muscle in the laboratory that, for the first time, contracts and responds just like native tissue to external stimuli such as electrical pulses, biochemical signals and pharmaceuticals. The development should soon allow researchers to test new drugs and study diseases in functioning human muscle outside of the human body.

Nothing to squirm about: Space station worms help battle muscle, bone loss

Posted: 13 Jan 2015 09:11 AM PST

Two investigations on the space station help researchers seek clues to physiological problems found in astronauts by studying C. elegans -- a millimeter-long roundworm that is widely used as a model organism. This simple, tiny roundworm could lead to a cure for symptoms affecting millions of the aging and infirm population of Earth, and the astronauts orbiting it, potentially offering a solution to a major problem in an extremely small package, scientists say.

Zinc oxide materials tapped for tiny energy harvesting devices

Posted: 13 Jan 2015 09:09 AM PST

Today, we're surrounded by a variety of electronic devices that are moving increasingly closer to us -- we can attach and wear them, or even implant electronics inside our bodies. Many types of smart devices are readily available and convenient to use. The goal now is to make wearable electronics that are flexible, sustainable and powered by ambient renewable energy.

Software created to help find a cure for a 'great neglected disease'

Posted: 13 Jan 2015 08:16 AM PST

For decades, scientists around the world have worked to develop a treatment for schistosomiasis, a debilitating water-born parasite. To aid this research, scientists have developed software that helps assess the impact of a drug on the parasite. The researchers recently completed the Quantal Dose Response Calculator, software that analyzes images showing the effects of potential drugs on parasites and quantifies their effectiveness.

Novel multiferroic materials, devices integrated with silicon chips developed

Posted: 13 Jan 2015 08:16 AM PST

Two advances in multiferroic materials have been made by scientists, including the ability to integrate them on a silicon chip, which will allow the development of new electronic memory devices. The researchers have already created prototypes of the devices and are in the process of testing them.

Predicting properties of the surface of titanium dioxide crystals

Posted: 13 Jan 2015 08:15 AM PST

A new article investigates the surface of titanium dioxide crystals.

Decoding the gravitational evolution of dark matter halos

Posted: 13 Jan 2015 08:15 AM PST

Researchers have revealed that considering environmental effects such as a gravitational tidal force spread over a scale much larger than a galaxy cluster is indispensable to explain the distribution and evolution of dark matter halos around galaxies. A detailed comparison between theory and simulations made this work possible.

Glass for battery electrodes

Posted: 13 Jan 2015 08:15 AM PST

Today's lithium-ion batteries are good, but not good enough if our future energy system is to rely on electrical power. Chemists and materials scientists have now developed a type of glass that can be used as an electrode material in lithium-ion batteries -- likely making a vast improvement in these batteries' capacity and energy density.

Estimated social cost of climate change not accurate, scientists say

Posted: 13 Jan 2015 08:14 AM PST

The 'social cost' of carbon dioxide emissions may not be $37 per ton, as estimated by a recent US government study, but $220 per ton, experts report.

Fast sorting of CD4+ T cells from whole blood using glass microbubbles

Posted: 13 Jan 2015 08:14 AM PST

A new report has demonstrated a new cell sorting technology for isolating CD4 positive T cells which may be used for HIV disease monitoring in resource-limited areas such as the developing countries in Africa.

Photonic crystal nanolaser biosensor simplifies DNA detection

Posted: 13 Jan 2015 08:11 AM PST

A simple method to sense DNA, as well as potential biomarker proteins of cancer or other diseases such as Alzheimer's, may soon be within reach -- thanks to new work.

Can your cellphone help you lose weight?

Posted: 13 Jan 2015 08:11 AM PST

Cellphone support can help people lose significantly more weight, according to a recent study. Using one of the many mobile apps with daily text messages or videos incites the user to think about dieting and eating well, researchers said.

Robots learn to use kitchen tools by watching YouTube videos

Posted: 13 Jan 2015 06:06 AM PST

Robotic systems that are able to teach themselves have been developed by researchers. Specifically, these robots are able to learn the intricate grasping and manipulation movements required for cooking by watching online cooking videos. The key breakthrough is that the robots can 'think' for themselves, determining the best combination of observed motions that will allow them to efficiently accomplish a given task.

Novel inorganic material emitting laser light in solution discovered

Posted: 13 Jan 2015 06:05 AM PST

Scientists have discovered a new type of laser material based on an inorganic molecule -- a complex of boron and hydrogen and no carbon atoms -- that emits laser light in solution.

Image searches are improved by 3-D presentation

Posted: 13 Jan 2015 06:04 AM PST

Most image and video search engines list their results two-dimensionally. Researchers have now discovered that the search performance is more satisfying, if the results are displayed using a 3-D interface.

Can your smartphone help you exercise?

Posted: 13 Jan 2015 06:03 AM PST

Fitness applications (apps) use behavior change techniques (BCTs) to help users modify their physical activities, but which apps and which techniques are most effective? In a new study, researchers evaluated 100 top-ranked physical activity apps and analyzed which BCTs are being used in these apps. They determined that at present BCTs have been only narrowly implemented in physical activity apps.

Wonder material silicene still stands just out of reach

Posted: 12 Jan 2015 03:10 PM PST

Silicene is the thinnest form of silicon. It is metallic, has graphene-like mobile carriers and can behave like a semiconductor. The wonder material could lead to even smaller electronics but challenges remain.

New superconducting hybrid crystals

Posted: 12 Jan 2015 10:54 AM PST

A new type of 'nanowire' crystals that fuses semiconducting and metallic materials on the atomic scale could lay the foundation for future semiconducting electronics.

Chemists show proof of concept for new method of accelerating drug discovery research

Posted: 12 Jan 2015 08:07 AM PST

Chemists have made a significant advancement to directly functionalize C-H bonds in natural products by selectively installing new carbon-carbon bonds into highly complex alkaloids and nitrogen-containing drug molecules. C-H functionalization is a much more streamlined process than traditional organic chemistry, holding the potential to greatly reduce the time and number of steps needed to create derivatives of natural products.
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