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Tuesday, January 7, 2014

ScienceDaily: Top Science News

ScienceDaily: Top Science News


'Ardi' skull reveals links to human lineage

Posted: 06 Jan 2014 01:00 PM PST

One of the most hotly debated issues in current human origins research focuses on how the 4.4 million-year-old African species Ardipithecus ramidus is related to the human lineage. New research confirms "Ardi's" close evolutionary relationship to humans. Researchers turned to the base of a beautifully preserved partial cranium of Ardi, which reveals a pattern of similarity that links Ardi to Australopithecus and modern humans and but not to apes.

Newfound planet is Earth-mass but gassy

Posted: 06 Jan 2014 01:00 PM PST

An international team of astronomers has discovered the first Earth-mass planet that transits, or crosses in front of, its host star. KOI-314c is the lightest planet to have both its mass and physical size measured. Surprisingly, although the planet weighs the same as Earth, it is 60 percent larger in diameter, meaning that it must have a very thick, gaseous atmosphere.

New fossils shed light on the origins of lions, tigers, and bears

Posted: 06 Jan 2014 01:00 PM PST

A new study discusses the origins of cats and dogs, as well as other carnivorous mammals like bears, seals, and weasels (taxonomically called "carnivoraformes"), and describes new specimens of one of the earliest of these primitive taxa.

Are gifted children getting lost in the shuffle?

Posted: 06 Jan 2014 12:59 PM PST

Gifted children are likely to be the next generation's innovators and leaders—and yet, the exceptionally smart are often invisible in the classroom, lacking the curricula, teacher input and external motivation to reach full potential. This conclusion comes as the result of the largest scientific study of the profoundly gifted to date, a 30-year study.

Supernova's super dust factory imaged with ALMA

Posted: 06 Jan 2014 07:34 AM PST

Striking new observations capture, for the first time, the remains of a recent supernova brimming with freshly formed dust. If enough of this dust makes the perilous transition into interstellar space, it could explain how many galaxies acquired their dusty, dusky appearance.

Newly discovered three-star system could test Einstein's theory of General Relativity

Posted: 06 Jan 2014 06:47 AM PST

A newly discovered system of two white dwarf stars and a superdense pulsar -- all packed within a space smaller than the Earth's orbit around the sun -- is enabling astronomers to probe a range of cosmic mysteries, including the very nature of gravity itself.

Supervolcano triggers recreated in X-ray laboratory

Posted: 06 Jan 2014 06:44 AM PST

Scientists have reproduced the conditions inside the magma chamber of a supervolcano to understand what it takes to trigger its explosion. These rare events represent the biggest natural catastrophes on Earth except for the impact of giant meteorites. Using synchrotron X-rays, the scientists established that supervolcano eruptions may occur spontaneously, driven only by magma pressure without the need for an external trigger.

Mine landslide triggered earthquakes: Record-breaking slide would bury Central Park 66 feet deep

Posted: 06 Jan 2014 06:42 AM PST

Last year's gigantic landslide at a Utah copper mine probably was the biggest nonvolcanic slide in North America's modern history, and included two rock avalanches that happened 90 minutes apart and surprisingly triggered 16 small earthquakes, scientists discovered.

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