ScienceDaily: Top News

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• Pioneering method developed to define stages of stem cell reprogramming
• Farmer helps close down wildlife poaching racket
• Anesthesiologists face the Ebola epidemic: Time to 'educate, train and prepare'
• The biology of fun and playfulness
• How does white-nose syndrome kill bats?
• New instrument reveals recipe for other Earths
• Super-Earths have long-lasting oceans
• Stars' spins reveal their ages
• Hold your breath to protect your heart
• 'Glowing' new nanotechnology guides cancer surgery, also kills remaining malignant cells
• Electromagnetic waves linked to particle fallout in Earth's atmosphere, new study finds
• Selling extended warranties via independent companies lowers price but hurts consumers
• Exposure to cold reveals 'switch' that controls formation of brown, white fat
• Infection control preparedness measures control avian flu in Hong Kong hospital
• Melanoma: Scientists find new link between pigment production, mitochondrial function
• Animal study points to a treatment for Huntington's disease
• Ouch! When teeth and hands connect, bites may be beastly
• New perspective on snake evolution
• More whole grains associated with lower mortality, especially cardiovascular
• Criminal behavior in patients with neurodegenerative diseases studied
• Over 28,000 endangered lemurs illegally kept as pets in Madagascar may threaten conservation, survival of species
• New technology to detect lingering cancer cells during breast surgery
• Overly conservative FDA label likely prevents use of metformin in many type 2 diabetics, experts say
• 'Imaginary Meal' Tricks Body Into Losing Weight
• Acoustic levitation made simple
• Iron toxicity for cyanobacteria delayed oxygen accumulation in early Earth's atmosphere
• Epigenomics analysis reveals surprising new clues to insulin resistance
• Plant's life cycle: How stages of seeds interact with each other
• Why is Greenland covered in ice?
• Human enzyme (CD 39) targets Achilles heel of sepsis
• ?? T cells may play a role in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes
• Byproducts from bacteria awaken dormant T-cells, HIV viruses
• Rare rock with 30,000 diamonds examined
• Disparities seen in immigrant application results
• Blood test for prostate cancer investigated
• Cancer prevention guidelines may lower risk of obesity-linked cancers
• Genetic factors contribute to insomnia in children, teens, twin study suggests
• Chronic high blood pressure increases risk of glaucoma, study shows
• Study identifies risk factors linking low birthweight to diabetes
• New research dishes the dirt on the demise of a civilization
• New technology focuses diffuse light inside living tissue
• Underwater drones map ice algae in Antarctica
• Sensor demonstrates lack of space in living cells
• Atoms queue up for quantum computer networks
• The bowhead whale lives over 200 years. Can its genes tell us why?
• Scientists tap tree genomes to discover adaptation strategies
• Geographic information helps provide public health intelligence at mass gatherings
• New analyses of Martian chemical maps suggest water bound to sulfates in soil
• Desires of Microscopic Shrimp Illuminate Evolutionary Theory
• Braving the cold to understand what makes squirrels tick
• Ebola outbreak offers lessons, reminders for critical care clinicians
• New hope for Borneo's orangutans despite threats of future climate change, deforestation
• Global bird conservation could be four times more cost-effective
• New concept of fuel cell for efficiency and environment
• How vitamin C helps plants beat the sun
• Women, quitting smoking for New Years? Time it with your period!
• Health-promoting Nordic diet reduces inflammatory gene activity in adipose tissue
• Rotating night shift work can be hazardous to your health
• Fructose more toxic than table sugar in mice
• Why do only some people with hereditary heart disease experience symptoms?

Pioneering method developed to define stages of stem cell reprogramming Posted: 05 Jan 2015 11:21 AM PST A method that defines many stages of reprogramming skin or blood cells into pluripotent stem cells has been developed for the first time by scientists. The study analyzed the reprogramming process at the single-cell level on a daily basis. Results determined that stages of cell change were the same across different reprogramming systems and cell types analyzed.

Farmer helps close down wildlife poaching racket Posted: 05 Jan 2015 11:21 AM PST A member of a cooperative of small-scale farmers, many of whom are former poachers, played a key role in the recent arrests by the Zambia Wildlife Authority (ZAWA) of two wildlife traffickers attempting to trade ivory as part of a major syndicate involved in the illegal wildlife trade.

Anesthesiologists face the Ebola epidemic: Time to 'educate, train and prepare' Posted: 05 Jan 2015 11:21 AM PST Because of their responsibility for performing airway intubation and other invasive procedures, anesthesiologists will play an essential role in managing patients with Ebola virus infection. Scientific evidence guiding the anesthetic management of Ebola virus disease (EVD) is analyzed in a new article.

The biology of fun and playfulness Posted: 05 Jan 2015 11:16 AM PST Several new articles explore the biology of fun (and the fun of biology). Scientists present what we know about playfulness in dogs, dolphins, frogs, and octopuses. They also provide insights on whether birds can have fun and how experiences in infancy affect a person's unique sense of humor.

How does white-nose syndrome kill bats? Posted: 05 Jan 2015 11:16 AM PST Scientists have developed, for the first time, a detailed explanation of how white-nose syndrome (WNS) is killing millions of bats in North America, according to a new study. Scientists hypothesized that WNS, caused by the fungus Pseudogymnoascus destructans, makes bats die by increasing the amount of energy they use during winter hibernation.

New instrument reveals recipe for other Earths Posted: 05 Jan 2015 11:16 AM PST How do you make an Earth-like planet? The 'test kitchen' of Earth has given us a detailed recipe, but it wasn't clear whether other planetary systems would follow the same formula. Now, astronomers have found evidence that the recipe for Earth also applies to terrestrial exoplanets orbiting distant stars.

Super-Earths have long-lasting oceans Posted: 05 Jan 2015 11:16 AM PST For life as we know it to develop on other planets, those planets would need liquid water, or oceans. Geologic evidence suggests that Earth's oceans have existed for nearly the entire history of our world. But would that be true of other planets, particularly super-Earths? New research suggests the answer is yes and that oceans on super-Earths, once established, can last for billions of years.

Stars' spins reveal their ages Posted: 05 Jan 2015 11:16 AM PST When you're a kid every birthday is cause for celebration, but as you get older they become a little less exciting. You might not want to admit just how old you are. And you might notice yourself slowing down over the years. You're not alone -- the same is true of stars. They slow down as they age, and their ages are well-kept secrets. Astronomers are taking advantage of the first fact to tackle the second and tease out stellar ages.

Hold your breath to protect your heart Posted: 05 Jan 2015 09:59 AM PST A simple technique may be most effective in preventing heart disease after radiation therapy for breast cancer. New research shows a woman who holds her breath during radiation pulses can greatly reduce radiation exposure to the heart.

'Glowing' new nanotechnology guides cancer surgery, also kills remaining malignant cells Posted: 05 Jan 2015 09:59 AM PST A new way to selectively insert compounds into cancer cells has been developed by scientists -- a system that will help surgeons identify malignant tissues and then, in combination with phototherapy, kill any remaining cancer cells after a tumor is removed. Ultimately, it could make cancer surgery far more effective.

Electromagnetic waves linked to particle fallout in Earth's atmosphere, new study finds Posted: 05 Jan 2015 09:59 AM PST In a new study that sheds light on space weather's impact on Earth, researchers show for the first time that plasma waves buffeting the planet's radiation belts are responsible for scattering charged particles into the atmosphere.

Selling extended warranties via independent companies lowers price but hurts consumers Posted: 05 Jan 2015 09:59 AM PST Retailers selling home appliances and electronics goods typically make 15-20 percent profit from these products but realize more than 200 percent profit from selling extended warranties for them. A new study finds that even though selling warranties through independent firms will lower extended warranty prices, the consumers may actually be worse off.

Exposure to cold reveals 'switch' that controls formation of brown, white fat Posted: 05 Jan 2015 09:59 AM PST The roles that white fat and brown fat play in metabolism is well documented, but new research presents a new wrinkle: each type of fat may change into the other, depending on the temperature. In particular, cold temperatures may encourage 'unhealthy' white fat to change into 'healthy' brown fat.

Infection control preparedness measures control avian flu in Hong Kong hospital Posted: 05 Jan 2015 09:58 AM PST A proactive infection prevention plan implemented widely in a Hong Kong health-care system was a significant factor preventing the spread of influenza strain A H7N9, otherwise known as avian flu, experts report.

Melanoma: Scientists find new link between pigment production, mitochondrial function Posted: 05 Jan 2015 09:58 AM PST New research helps explain what goes wrong to when someone gets skin cancer and the relationship between changing skin pigment and the cancer itself. In particular, this research shows that there is a direct link between changes in mitochondrial function and melanin production in cancerous skin cells. This link may also serve as a viable drug target for the disease.

Animal study points to a treatment for Huntington's disease Posted: 05 Jan 2015 09:58 AM PST By adjusting the levels of a key signaling protein, researchers improved motor function and brain abnormalities in experimental animals with a form of Huntington's disease, a severe neurodegenerative disorder. The new findings may lay the groundwork for a novel treatment for people with this fatal, progressive disease, researchers say.

Ouch! When teeth and hands connect, bites may be beastly Posted: 05 Jan 2015 09:58 AM PST Hand injuries are frequently caused by human and animal bites, prompting as many as 330,000 emergency department visits in the United States each year. A literature review outlines the potential complications of human and animal bites to the hand, the importance of early injury assessment, and the use of antibiotic and other treatment methods to avoid infection, permanent disability, and amputation.

New perspective on snake evolution Posted: 05 Jan 2015 09:58 AM PST Snakes may not have shoulders, but their bodies aren't as simple as commonly thought, according to a new study that could change how scientists think snakes evolved. Rather than snakes evolving from a lizard ancestor to a more simplified body form, researchers say their findings suggest other animals gained more complex vertebral columns as they evolved.

More whole grains associated with lower mortality, especially cardiovascular Posted: 05 Jan 2015 09:58 AM PST Eating more whole grains appears to be associated with reduced mortality, especially deaths due to cardiovascular disease, but not cancer deaths, according to a report.

Criminal behavior in patients with neurodegenerative diseases studied Posted: 05 Jan 2015 09:58 AM PST Criminal behavior can occur in patients with some neurodegenerative diseases, although patients with Alzheimer's disease were among the least likely to commit crimes, according to a study.

Over 28,000 endangered lemurs illegally kept as pets in Madagascar may threaten conservation, survival of species Posted: 05 Jan 2015 08:27 AM PST An estimated 28,000 lemurs, the world's most endangered primates, have been illegally kept as pets in urban areas of Madagascar over the past three years, possibly threatening conservation efforts and hastening the extinction of some of lemur species.

New technology to detect lingering cancer cells during breast surgery Posted: 05 Jan 2015 08:27 AM PST Some patients undergoing lumpectomy surgery for the removal of an early detected breast tumor – the surgical option of choice for this diagnosis -- are benefiting from new intra-operative technology that detects microscopic amounts of cancer cells on removed tumor tissue not visible during or following surgical intervention.

Overly conservative FDA label likely prevents use of metformin in many type 2 diabetics, experts say Posted: 05 Jan 2015 08:27 AM PST Many patients with type 2 diabetes in the United States may be discouraged from taking metformin--a proven, oral diabetes medicine--because the U.S. Food and Drug Administration inappropriately labels the drug unsafe for some patients also suffering from kidney problems, researchers report.

'Imaginary Meal' Tricks Body Into Losing Weight Posted: 05 Jan 2015 08:27 AM PST A more effective diet pill has been developed by scientists. Unlike most diet pills on the market, this new pill, called fexaramine, doesn't dissolve into the blood like appetite suppressants or caffeine-based diet drugs, but remains in the intestines, causing fewer side effects, like an "imaginary meal," the researchers explain.

Acoustic levitation made simple Posted: 05 Jan 2015 08:25 AM PST Scientists have developed a new levitation device that can hover a tiny object with more control than any instrument that has come before.

Iron toxicity for cyanobacteria delayed oxygen accumulation in early Earth's atmosphere Posted: 05 Jan 2015 08:25 AM PST Geomicrobiologists say that the first O2-producing bacteria were poisoned by abundant iron in ancient oceans. Three billion years ago, Earth's atmosphere contained less than 0.0001 percent oxygen. Today's atmosphere has around 20 percent oxygen -- and that is due to the work of tiny microorganisms in Earth's primeval oceans.

Epigenomics analysis reveals surprising new clues to insulin resistance Posted: 05 Jan 2015 08:25 AM PST In studying the cellular structure and function of insulin, a research team has uncovered previously unknown steps in the development of insulin resistance. Previous investigations of insulin resistance have focused almost exclusively on proteins and cellular functions at or near the surface of cells, where insulin binds. However, epidemiological and molecular data have suggested that events leading to insulin resistance might also take place in the nucleus, where the DNA blueprint is stored.

Plant's life cycle: How stages of seeds interact with each other Posted: 05 Jan 2015 08:25 AM PST Past research has examined how environmental and genetic factors affect plant life stages individually, but a new study models how the three stages (seed, vegetative, and reproductive) interact with each other.

Why is Greenland covered in ice? Posted: 05 Jan 2015 08:25 AM PST The ice on Greenland could only form due to processes in the deep Earth interior. Scientists now explain why the conditions for the glaciation of Greenland developed only so recently on a geological time scale.

Human enzyme (CD 39) targets Achilles heel of sepsis Posted: 05 Jan 2015 08:25 AM PST Scientists use mice to show that a human membrane-bound enzyme called CD39, which can clear the dangerous buildup of adenosine triphosphate from the bloodstream, significantly improves survival of mice in sepsis. "Finding a more effective treatment for sepsis would be a major step forward," said one researcher, "since far too many people still die from overwhelming microbial infection. If CD 39 proves to be as critical a factor in humans as in mice, this is a major discovery."

?? T cells may play a role in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes Posted: 05 Jan 2015 08:25 AM PST New research in mice suggests that an unusual type of immune cell called '?? T cells' may be a new drug and research target for treating or preventing type 2 diabetes caused by obesity. The research report suggests that ?? T cells are necessary for obesity-induced accumulation of macrophages, which are associated with promoting inflammation in fat tissue.

Byproducts from bacteria awaken dormant T-cells, HIV viruses Posted: 05 Jan 2015 08:25 AM PST Dental and medical researchers have discovered that byproducts of bacteria in gum disease, called metabolic small chain fatty acid, can work together to wake up HIV in dormant T-cells and cause the virus to replicate. Their findings help explain why people with the HIV -infections and periodontal disease have higher levels of the virus in their saliva than HIV patients with healthy gums.

Rare rock with 30,000 diamonds examined Posted: 05 Jan 2015 08:24 AM PST Diamonds are beautiful and enigmatic. Though chemical reactions that create the highly coveted sparkles still remain a mystery, an American professor is studying a rare rock covered in diamonds that may hold clues to the gem's origins.

Disparities seen in immigrant application results Posted: 05 Jan 2015 08:24 AM PST Immigrants to the US with job offers often apply for work authorization. But immigrants from Latin America are less likely to have those requests granted than are immigrants from other regions, according to a new study that also suggests a potential remedy for this problem, by finding that this regional disparity does not exist when officials examine cases in greater detail.

Blood test for prostate cancer investigated Posted: 05 Jan 2015 08:24 AM PST A method for detecting 'cell-free' tumor DNA in the bloodstream has been developed by scientists who believe that the technique will be transformative in providing improved cancer diagnostics that can both predict treatment outcomes and monitor patient responses to therapy.

Cancer prevention guidelines may lower risk of obesity-linked cancers Posted: 05 Jan 2015 08:24 AM PST Low alcohol consumption and a plant-based diet, both healthy habits aligning with current cancer prevention guidelines, are associated with reducing the risk of obesity-related cancers, a study shows. "Our research aims to clarify associations between diet and physical activity in relation to cancer to encourage at-risk individuals to make lifestyle modifications that may reduce their risk of certain cancers," said the study's lead author.

Genetic factors contribute to insomnia in children, teens, twin study suggests Posted: 05 Jan 2015 08:24 AM PST Insomnia in childhood and adolescence is partially explained by genetic factors, a new study of twins suggests. "Insomnia in youth is moderately related to genetic factors, but the specific genetic factors may change with age," said a study author. "We were most surprised by the fact that the genetic factors were not stable over time, so the influence of genes depends on the developmental stage of the child."

Chronic high blood pressure increases risk of glaucoma, study shows Posted: 05 Jan 2015 08:24 AM PST Chronic (long-term) hypertension increases a person's susceptibility to glaucoma, a new study has found. These results suggest that doctors should consider a patient's blood pressure levels in managing the potentially blinding eye disorder.

Study identifies risk factors linking low birthweight to diabetes Posted: 05 Jan 2015 08:24 AM PST Low birth weight predicts an increased risk of type 2 diabetes in adulthood, s new study of more than 3,000 women confirms. It also identifies which intermediating biomarkers appear to be the best predictors. The research could help physicians better assess patient risk.

New research dishes the dirt on the demise of a civilization Posted: 05 Jan 2015 08:24 AM PST It's the dirt that's resulting in a new look at farming in the Dark Age, scientists report. The village of Nichoria in Messenia was located near the palace of Pylos during the Greek Bronze Age, when Greece was considered a Superpower of the Mediterranean. The region thrived on its trade and economic stability, culture, and art and architecture, including great monuments, palaces and writings. The collapse of the Bronze Age (beginning around 1200 BC), including the abandonment of cities and the destruction of palaces, is known as the Dark Age.

New technology focuses diffuse light inside living tissue Posted: 05 Jan 2015 07:15 AM PST For the first time, a new technique that focuses diffuse light inside a dynamic scattering medium containing living tissue has been revealed by researchers. In addition, they have improved the speed of optical focusing deep inside tissue by two orders of magnitude. This improvement in speed is an important step toward noninvasive optical imaging in deep tissue and photodynamic therapy.

Underwater drones map ice algae in Antarctica Posted: 05 Jan 2015 07:14 AM PST New robot technology leads Antarctic exploration into a new epoch. It is now possible to study the underside of sea ice across large distances and explore a world previously restricted to specially trained divers only.

Sensor demonstrates lack of space in living cells Posted: 05 Jan 2015 07:14 AM PST Proteins and other bio-molecules are often analyzed exclusively in aqueous solutions in test tubes. But it is uncertain if these experimental studies can be transferred to the densely-packed cellular environment. Researchers have developed a novel method that can be used to analyze the effects of the lack of space in living cells with the aid of a microscope for the first time. They designed a sensor that changes color depending on how confined the space in the cell is.

Atoms queue up for quantum computer networks Posted: 05 Jan 2015 07:14 AM PST In order to develop future quantum computer networks, it is necessary to hold a known number of atoms and read them without them disappearing. To do this, researchers have developed a method with a trap that captures the atoms along an ultra-thin glass fiber, where the atoms can be controlled.

The bowhead whale lives over 200 years. Can its genes tell us why? Posted: 05 Jan 2015 07:14 AM PST A whale that can live over 200 years with little evidence of age-related disease may provide untapped insights into how to live a long and healthy life. Researchers present in a new report the complete bowhead whale genome and identify key differences compared to other mammals. Alterations in bowhead genes related to cell division, DNA repair, cancer, and aging may have helped increase its longevity and cancer resistance.

Scientists tap tree genomes to discover adaptation strategies Posted: 05 Jan 2015 06:29 AM PST A team of scientists has sequenced whole genomes from 544 unrelated trees of the same species. The study identified gene sequences from Populus trichocarpa, to understand how trees adapt to different climates.

Geographic information helps provide public health intelligence at mass gatherings Posted: 05 Jan 2015 06:28 AM PST The potential for an existing infection to spread at mass events should not be underestimated, researchers say. Infectious diseases are one of the many health issues that worry the organizers of mass gatherings, such as the Hajj and the World Cup. Tools of the trade can help event organizers to better plan, monitor and respond timely to such eventualities, they add.

New analyses of Martian chemical maps suggest water bound to sulfates in soil Posted: 05 Jan 2015 06:27 AM PST A spatial association between the presence of sulfur and hydrogen found in Martian soil has been proposed by scientists. The team suggests that further observations by the Curiosity rover in Gale Crater could move forward models of aqueous processes on Mars. For example, recent analyses of "Rocknest" soil samples suggest complementary modes of soil hydration in the Gale Crater area.

Desires of Microscopic Shrimp Illuminate Evolutionary Theory Posted: 05 Jan 2015 05:19 AM PST New research on bioluminescent ostracods shows how tiny crustaceans are helping scientists to understand evolution by sexual selection. These millimeter-sized, shrimp-like animals can be found all across the globe, in both marine and freshwater environments. They've even been found living in leaf litter in tropical rainforests. There are an estimated 20,000 species of ostracods, but only about 200 that produce bioluminescence.

Braving the cold to understand what makes squirrels tick Posted: 05 Jan 2015 05:19 AM PST The circadian clock of arctic ground squirrels works differently during the cold of hibernation, new research shows. Many mammal species in colder climates spend the winter months in torpor, commonly known as hibernation. During this period of torpor, many bodily functions are suppressed to conserve energy, including the daily clock known as the circadian clock. A new study asks the question, do circadian clocks persist throughout torpor?

Ebola outbreak offers lessons, reminders for critical care clinicians Posted: 05 Jan 2015 05:19 AM PST Outbreaks of infectious diseases, such as Ebola in West Africa, offer insight for how healthcare professionals can respond more effectively to current and future challenges, experts say.

New hope for Borneo's orangutans despite threats of future climate change, deforestation Posted: 05 Jan 2015 05:18 AM PST A new study has attempted to identify new hope for Borneo's orangutans. 'Despite some pessimistic outcomes, we remain positive about the fate of the orangutan. Our work demonstrates that continued efforts to halt deforestation could mediate some orangutan habitat loss, and this is particularly important in the southern parts of Borneo.'

Global bird conservation could be four times more cost-effective Posted: 05 Jan 2015 05:18 AM PST Targeting conservation efforts to safeguard biodiversity, rather than focusing on charismatic species, could make current spending on threatened birds four times more effective, a new study has shown.

New concept of fuel cell for efficiency and environment Posted: 05 Jan 2015 05:18 AM PST Scientists have proposed a new method to enhance fuel cell efficiency with the simultaneous removal of toxic heavy metal ions.

How vitamin C helps plants beat the sun Posted: 05 Jan 2015 05:18 AM PST While vitamin C in plant chloroplasts is known to help prevent a reduction in growth that plants experience when exposed to excessive light -- a phenomenon called photoinhibition -- how it gets into chloroplasts to begin with has been a mystery. Now, a team of researchers has identified PHT4;4 as the transport protein that allows vitamin C to enter chloroplasts. The work shows that PHT4;4 can transport vitamin C and that it is located in the envelope membranes of chloroplasts.

Women, quitting smoking for New Years? Time it with your period! Posted: 05 Jan 2015 05:18 AM PST The menstrual cycle appears to have an effect on nicotine cravings, according to a new study. "Our data reveal that incontrollable urges to smoke are stronger at the beginning of the follicular phase that begins after menstruation. Hormonal decreases of estrogen and progesterone possibly deepen the withdrawal syndrome and increase activity of neural circuits associated with craving," an investigator said, suggesting that it could therefore be easier for women to overcome abstinence-related withdrawal symptoms during the mid-luteal phrase, i.e. after ovulation, when their levels of estrogen and progesterone are elevated.

Health-promoting Nordic diet reduces inflammatory gene activity in adipose tissue Posted: 05 Jan 2015 05:18 AM PST A Nordic study has discovered that the health-promoting Nordic diet reduces the expression of inflammation-associated genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue. In overweight persons, the expression of these genes reduced without weight loss. To a certain extent, the adverse health effects of overweight are believed to be caused by an inflammatory state in adipose tissue.

Rotating night shift work can be hazardous to your health Posted: 05 Jan 2015 05:17 AM PST Night shift work has been consistently associated with higher risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. In 2007 the World Health Organization classified night shift work as a probable carcinogen due to circadian disruption. In a new study, researchers found that women working rotating night shifts for five or more years appeared to have a modest increase in all-cause and CVD mortality and those working 15 or more years of rotating night shift work appeared to have a modest increase in lung cancer mortality. These results add to prior evidence of a potentially detrimental effect of rotating night shift work on health and longevity.

Fructose more toxic than table sugar in mice Posted: 05 Jan 2015 05:05 AM PST When biologists fed mice sugar in doses proportional to what many people eat, the fructose-glucose mixture found in high-fructose corn syrup was more toxic than sucrose or table sugar, reducing both the reproduction and lifespan of female rodents.

Why do only some people with hereditary heart disease experience symptoms? Posted: 04 Jan 2015 12:24 PM PST In addition to gene mutations, environmental stress plays a key role in the development of the heart disease hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, researchers have found for the first time. As many as 500,000 people in the United States have a heritable and potentially fatal heart disease called hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. The disease can cause irregular heartbeats, heart valve problems, heart failure and, in rare cases, sudden cardiac death in young people. But some people who carry gene mutations that cause hypertrophic cardiomyopathy never experience symptoms.

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