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Sunday, August 10, 2014

ScienceDaily: Top News

ScienceDaily: Top News


Ancient shellfish remains rewrite 10,000-year history of El Nino cycles

Posted: 08 Aug 2014 01:34 PM PDT

Piles of ancient shells provide the first reliable long-term record for the powerful driver of year-to-year climate changes. Results show that the El Niños 10,000 years ago were as strong and frequent as they are today. The study results question how well computer models can reproduce historical El Niño cycles, or predict how they could change under future climates.

Promise for new nerve repair technique

Posted: 08 Aug 2014 01:34 PM PDT

A new nerve repair technique yields better results and fewer side effects than other existing techniques, research shows. Traumatic nerve injuries are common, and when nerves are severed, they do not heal on their own and must be repaired surgically. Injuries that are not clean-cut -- such as saw injuries, farm equipment injuries, and gunshot wounds -- may result in a gap in the nerve.

Editing HPV's genes to kill cervical cancer cells

Posted: 08 Aug 2014 01:34 PM PDT

Using the genome editing tool known as CRISPR, researchers were able to selectively silence two genes in human papilloma virus that are responsible for the growth and survival of cervical carcinoma cells. After silencing the two HPV genes, the cancer cell's normal self-destruct machinery went into action.

Expecting to teach enhances learning, recall

Posted: 08 Aug 2014 01:34 PM PDT

People learn better and recall more when given the impression that they will soon have to teach newly acquired material to someone else, suggests new research. Findings of the study suggest that simply telling learners that they would later teach another student changes their mindset enough so that they engage in more effective approaches to learning than did their peers who simply expected a test.

Link between maternal age, emergency delivery shown

Posted: 08 Aug 2014 01:34 PM PDT

An increased risk of emergency operative delivery is linked with increasing maternal age, suggests a new study. The study used a sample of 169,583 low risk, first-time mothers in Norway, to examine the association between maternal age and emergency operative delivery, which include emergency caesarean section and operative vaginal delivery (forceps or ventouse).

Finding genetic culprits that drive antibiotic resistance: Genome-wide association study in disease-causing bacteria paves way for clinical tool

Posted: 07 Aug 2014 11:56 AM PDT

A powerful new tool has been developed that could help in developing more effective treatment and control strategies for antibiotic resistance within the next decade. Researchers used a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to find the single-letter changes in the DNA of Streptococcus pneumoniae that enable it to evade antibiotic treatment. Until now, GWAS has been able to identify only general areas where DNA changes have occurred. However, by using a rich data set of over 3,000 samples, researchers have been able to get precise data on the locations of changes that cause resistance.

ScienceDaily: Information Technology News

ScienceDaily: Information Technology News


Flood risk visualization software

Posted: 07 Aug 2014 06:55 PM PDT

New flood information visualization software will be an excellent tool for water resources planning and management as well as for better flood decision making analysis.

ScienceDaily: Top Technology News

ScienceDaily: Top Technology News


Which Structure has optimal resistive switching characteristics?

Posted: 08 Aug 2014 08:18 AM PDT

Researchers fabricated Pt/TiOx/ZnO/n+-Si structures and investigated the effects of TiOx interlayer with different thickness on the resistance switching of Pt/TiOx/ZnO/n+-Si structures.

Scientists enhance synthesis of chromium dioxide (100) epitaxial thin film growth

Posted: 08 Aug 2014 08:18 AM PDT

High quality CrO2 film on the (100)-oriented TiO2 substrate was fabricated by using a simple route under ambient pressures. The film shows preferential orientation along (100) direction and has a Curie temperature Tc = 396 K. The resistivity of the film is studied down to about 0.6 K and can be fitted with Á(T)=Á0+AT2exp(-"/T). The magnetization of the film becomes saturated in a relatively low field and follows Bloch's T3/2 law.

Electrons moving in a magnetic field exhibit strange quantum behavior

Posted: 08 Aug 2014 08:07 AM PDT

Researchers have made the first direct observations of free-electron Landau states -— a form of quantized states that electrons adopt when moving through a magnetic field- — and found that the internal rotational dynamics of quantum electrons, or how they move through the field, is surprisingly different from the classical model, and in line with recent quantum-mechanical predictions.

Flood risk visualization software

Posted: 07 Aug 2014 06:55 PM PDT

New flood information visualization software will be an excellent tool for water resources planning and management as well as for better flood decision making analysis.

Co-crystals successfully turn liquids into solids

Posted: 07 Aug 2014 09:14 AM PDT

A new approach for formulating the active chemical ingredients of common drugs and agricultural products has been developed, and it holds broad potential to make such products more durable, safer, cheaper, easier to manufacture and less harmful to the environment.

Solid-state chemistry: Safer and much cheaper methods for extracting metals

Posted: 07 Aug 2014 09:14 AM PDT

A team of researchers is developing new approaches to chemical synthesis and mineral processing based on solid-state chemistry -- and inspired by examples from nature. The unconventional approaches promise better, safer and far less expensive methods for extracting metals from mineral ores as well as for the scalable synthesis of pharmaceutical drugs.

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