ScienceDaily: Top News

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• Full color images at 100,000 dots-per-inch resolution, using metal-laced nano-structures
• Rat and ant rescues 'don't show empathy'
• Smelling a skunk after a cold: Brain changes after a stuffed nose protect the sense of smell
• Differences in the genomes of related plant pathogens
• Unraveling intricate interactions, one molecule at a time
• Urban Sun Corridor 4 degrees warmer?
• World's most powerful X-ray laser beam refined to scalpel precision
• How stress and depression can shrink the brain
• New genetic regions influencing blood glucose traits revealed
• Scientists' gold discovery sheds light on catalysis
• Mutations disrupt cellular recycling, cause a childhood genetic disease
• Stem cells may prevent post-injury arthritis

Full color images at 100,000 dots-per-inch resolution, using metal-laced nano-structures Posted: 12 Aug 2012 07:39 PM PDT Inspired by colorful stained-glass windows, researchers from Singapore have demonstrated an innovative method for producing sharp, full-spectrum color images at 100,000 dpi which can be applicable in reflective color displays, anti-counterfeiting, and high-density optical data recording.

Rat and ant rescues 'don't show empathy' Posted: 12 Aug 2012 01:08 PM PDT Studies of how rats and ants rescue other members of their species do not prove that animals other than humans have empathy, according to biologists.

Smelling a skunk after a cold: Brain changes after a stuffed nose protect the sense of smell Posted: 12 Aug 2012 12:17 PM PDT Once our nostrils clear after a cold, we take for granted that our sniffers will dependably rebound. That dependability is no accident. It turns out the brain is working behind the scenes to make sure the sense is just as sharp after the nose recovers. A new study shows that after the human nose has been blocked for a week, brain activity rapidly changes in the regions connected to the olfactory system.

Differences in the genomes of related plant pathogens Posted: 12 Aug 2012 12:17 PM PDT Even in closely related species, lifestyle molds the genetic makeup of pathogens and how their genes are used.

Unraveling intricate interactions, one molecule at a time Posted: 12 Aug 2012 12:17 PM PDT In a key step towards the design of better organic electronic devices, an engineering team has succeeded in performing the first quantitative characterization of van der Waals interactions at metal/organic interfaces at the single-molecule level. The researchers reveal the existence of two distinct binding regimes in gold-molecule-gold single-molecule junctions, using molecules containing nitrogen atoms at their extremities that are attracted to gold surfaces.

Urban Sun Corridor 4 degrees warmer? Posted: 12 Aug 2012 12:17 PM PDT In the first study to attempt to quantify the impact of rapidly expanding megapolitan areas on regional climate, a team of researchers has established that local maximum summertime warming resulting from projected expansion of the urban Sun Corridor could approach 4 degrees Celsius.

World's most powerful X-ray laser beam refined to scalpel precision Posted: 12 Aug 2012 12:17 PM PDT With a thin sliver of diamond, scientists have transformed the Linac Coherent Light Source into an even more precise tool for exploring the nanoworld. The improvements yield laser pulses focused to higher intensity in a much narrower band of X-ray wavelengths, and may enable experiments that have never before been possible.

How stress and depression can shrink the brain Posted: 12 Aug 2012 12:16 PM PDT Major depression or chronic stress can cause the loss of brain volume, a condition that contributes to both emotional and cognitive impairment. Now scientists have discovered one reason why this occurs -- a single genetic switch that triggers loss of brain connections in humans and depression in animal models.

New genetic regions influencing blood glucose traits revealed Posted: 12 Aug 2012 12:16 PM PDT Researchers have used a specially designed DNA chip, the MetaboChip array, to identify 38 new genetic regions that are associated with glucose and insulin levels in the blood. This brings the total number of genetic regions associated with glucose and insulin levels to 53, over half of which are associated with type 2 diabetes.

Scientists' gold discovery sheds light on catalysis Posted: 12 Aug 2012 12:16 PM PDT Physicists have made an important advance in establishing the catalytic properties of gold at a nano level. They discovered that the catalytic activity of nanoporous gold (NPG) originates from high concentrations of surface defects present within its complex three-dimensional structure.

Mutations disrupt cellular recycling, cause a childhood genetic disease Posted: 12 Aug 2012 12:15 PM PDT Researchers have identified a key gene that, when mutated, causes the rare multisystem disorder Cornelia deLange syndrome. Mutations in the HDAC8 gene disrupt genetic transcripton, impairing early development.

Stem cells may prevent post-injury arthritis Posted: 10 Aug 2012 08:28 AM PDT Researchers may have found a promising stem cell therapy for preventing osteoarthritis after a joint injury.

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