ScienceDaily: Top Technology News

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• Using data science tools to discover new nanostructured materials
• Neutrons, electrons and theory reveal secrets of natural gas reserves
• Super-thin membranes clear the way for chip-sized pumps
• Breakthrough in study of aluminum should yield new technological advances
• Eliminating unexplained traffic jams: New algorithm to alleviate traffic flow instabilities
• Flow from a nanoscale fluid jet measured: Jet measures 20 to 150 nanometers in diameter, just a few hundred water molecules across
• Scientists wary of shale oil and gas as U.S. energy salvation
• Carbon worlds may be waterless, NASA study finds
• NASA's great observatories begin deepest-ever probe of the universe
• Cassini gets new views of Titan's Land of Lakes
• A noble yet simple way to synthesize new metal-free electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction
• Making rubber from dandelion juice
• Electronic intensive care units effective in providing remote care
• Super-efficient rooftop units for heating and cooling
• New technology optimizes ear infection diagnosis, management
• Urban underground holds sustainable energy
• Nanomaterials inventory improved to help consumers, scientists track products

Using data science tools to discover new nanostructured materials Posted: 28 Oct 2013 03:47 PM PDT Researchers have developed a new approach to designing novel nanostructured materials through an inverse design framework using genetic algorithms. The study is the first to demonstrate the application of this methodology to the design of self-assembled nanostructures, and could help speed up the materials discovery process. It also shows the potential of machine learning and "big data" approaches.

Neutrons, electrons and theory reveal secrets of natural gas reserves Posted: 28 Oct 2013 01:29 PM PDT Gas and oil deposits in shale have no place to hide. A new technique provides an inside look at pores and reveals structural information potentially vital to today's energy needs.

Super-thin membranes clear the way for chip-sized pumps Posted: 28 Oct 2013 01:29 PM PDT A super-thin silicon membrane could now make it possible to drastically shrink the power source of lab-on-a-chip devices, paving the way for diagnostic devices the size of a credit card.

Breakthrough in study of aluminum should yield new technological advances Posted: 28 Oct 2013 01:29 PM PDT Researchers have announced a scientific advance that has eluded researchers for more than 100 years -- a platform to fully study and understand the aqueous chemistry of aluminum, one of the world's most important metals. It should open the door to significant advances in electronics and many other fields, ranging from manufacturing to construction, agriculture and drinking water treatment.

Eliminating unexplained traffic jams: New algorithm to alleviate traffic flow instabilities Posted: 28 Oct 2013 11:15 AM PDT If integrated into adaptive cruise-control systems, a new algorithm could mitigate the type of freeway backup that seems to occur for no reason.

Flow from a nanoscale fluid jet measured: Jet measures 20 to 150 nanometers in diameter, just a few hundred water molecules across Posted: 28 Oct 2013 11:15 AM PDT Scientists have measured the flow from a fluid jet so tiny that it would require more than 8,000 years to fill a two-liter soda bottle.

Scientists wary of shale oil and gas as U.S. energy salvation Posted: 28 Oct 2013 11:15 AM PDT After 10 years of production, shale gas in the United States cannot be considered commercially viable, according to scientists. They argue that while the use of hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling for "tight oil" is an important contributor to U.S. energy supply, it is not going to result in long-term sustainable production or allow the U.S. to become a net oil exporter.

Carbon worlds may be waterless, NASA study finds Posted: 28 Oct 2013 11:15 AM PDT Planets rich in carbon, including so-called diamond planets, may lack oceans, according to NASA-funded theoretical research.

NASA's great observatories begin deepest-ever probe of the universe Posted: 28 Oct 2013 11:12 AM PDT NASA's Hubble, Spitzer and Chandra space telescopes are teaming up to look deeper into the universe than ever before. With a boost from natural "zoom lenses" found in space, they should be able to uncover galaxies that are as much as 100 times fainter than what these three great observatories typically can see.

Cassini gets new views of Titan's Land of Lakes Posted: 28 Oct 2013 11:06 AM PDT With the sun now shining down over the north pole of Saturn's moon Titan, a little luck with the weather, and trajectories that put the spacecraft into optimal viewing positions, NASA's Cassini spacecraft has obtained new pictures of the liquid methane and ethane seas and lakes that reside near Titan's north pole. The images reveal new clues about how the lakes formed and about Titan's Earth-like "hydrologic" cycle, which involves hydrocarbons rather than water.

A noble yet simple way to synthesize new metal-free electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction Posted: 28 Oct 2013 08:47 AM PDT Scientists have found a new way to synthesize highly efficient electrocatalysts based on heteroatom-doped graphene nanosheets.

Making rubber from dandelion juice Posted: 28 Oct 2013 08:45 AM PDT Rubber can be extracted from the juice of the dandelion. Yet the decisive breakthrough to industrial manufacturing is proving to be a tough step. Scientists are now building the first ever pilot system to extract vast quantities of dandelion rubber for making tires: an important milestone on the path to rubber procurement in Europe.

Electronic intensive care units effective in providing remote care Posted: 28 Oct 2013 07:12 AM PDT A new study of electronic intensive care units shows them to be an effective way to provide 24-hour intensive care to patients in remote locations.

Super-efficient rooftop units for heating and cooling Posted: 28 Oct 2013 07:08 AM PDT Putting new super-efficient rooftop HVAC units in broad use would be about equal to taking 700,000 cars off the road each year in terms of saved energy and reduced pollution, according to a new study.

New technology optimizes ear infection diagnosis, management Posted: 28 Oct 2013 06:05 AM PDT A new, smartphone-enabled otoscope provides clear, transmittable images of the ear drum, or tympanic membrane, which someday may allow for ear infection diagnosis without a visit to the doctor's office.

Urban underground holds sustainable energy Posted: 28 Oct 2013 06:04 AM PDT Vast energy sources are slumbering below big cities. Sustainable energies for heating in winter and cooling in summer may be extracted from heated groundwater aquifers. Researchers developed an analytical heat flux model and found that increasing heat in the underground is mainly caused by an increase in surface temperatures and heat release from buildings.

Nanomaterials inventory improved to help consumers, scientists track products Posted: 28 Oct 2013 06:02 AM PDT Nanotechnologies are growing in commercial use after more than 20 years of research. This new resource gives the public the best available look at more than 1,600 manufacturer-identified, nanotechnology-based consumer products introduced to the market.

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