ScienceDaily: Top Science News |
- Stream of stars in Andromeda satellite galaxy shows cosmic collision
- Skin cells transformed into functioning liver cells in mouse study
- Revolutionary naming system for all life on earth proposed: Based on the genetic sequence of organisms
- Peru's Manu National Park sets new biodiversity record
- Essential step toward printing living human tissues
- High family stress can impact child's immune system
- Technique allows for radiation-free detection of tumors, study finds
| Stream of stars in Andromeda satellite galaxy shows cosmic collision Posted: 23 Feb 2014 10:17 AM PST The Andromeda Galaxy is surrounded by a swarm of small satellite galaxies. Researchers have detected a stream of stars in one of the Andromeda Galaxy's outer satellite galaxies, a dwarf galaxy called Andromeda II. This galaxy is very small -- less than one percent of the Milky Way. The movement of the stars tells us that what we are observing is the remnant of a merger between two dwarf galaxies. Mergers between galaxies of such low mass has not been observed before. |
| Skin cells transformed into functioning liver cells in mouse study Posted: 23 Feb 2014 10:17 AM PST An important breakthrough has been made that could affect patients waiting for liver transplants. Scientists have discovered a way to transform skin cells into mature, fully functioning liver cells that flourish on their own, even after being transplanted into laboratory animals modified to mimic liver failure. In previous studies on liver-cell reprogramming, scientists had difficulty getting stem cell-derived liver cells to survive once being transplanted into existing liver tissue. But this team figured out a way to solve this problem, and have revealed a new cellular reprogramming method that transforms human skin cells into liver cells that are virtually indistinguishable from the cells that make up native liver tissue. |
| Posted: 21 Feb 2014 03:48 PM PST A new naming structure proposed by an American researcher moves beyond the Linnaeus system to one based on the genetic sequence of each individual organism. This creates a more robust, precise, and informative name for any organism, be it a bacterium, fungus, plant, or animal. Coded names could be permanent, as opposed to the shifting of names typical in the current biological classification system. Codes could also be assigned without the current lengthy process that is required by analyzing one organism's physical traits compared to another's. Lastly, the sequence could be assigned to viruses, bacteria, fungi, plants, and animals and would provide a standardized naming system for all life on Earth. |
| Peru's Manu National Park sets new biodiversity record Posted: 20 Feb 2014 06:50 AM PST When it comes to amphibian and reptile biodiversity, the eastern slopes of the Andes mountains in South America stand out. A new survey of 'herps' in and around Manu National Park in Peru recorded a greater biodiversity -- 287 species, some new to science -- than any other protected area in the world, including the previous leader in Ecuador. Since its creation 41 years ago, Manu National Park has become recognized as globally irreplaceable: it was designated a UNESCO Biosphere Preserve in 1977 and a World Heritage Site in 1987. |
| Essential step toward printing living human tissues Posted: 19 Feb 2014 06:55 AM PST A new bioprinting method creates intricately patterned 3-D tissue constructs with multiple types of cells and tiny blood vessels. The work represents a major step toward a longstanding goal of tissue engineers: creating human tissue constructs realistic enough to test drug safety and effectiveness. The method also represents an early but important step toward building fully functional replacements for injured or diseased tissue that can be designed from CAT scan data using computer-aided design (CAD), printed in 3D at the push of a button, and used by surgeons to repair or replace damaged tissue. |
| High family stress can impact child's immune system Posted: 19 Feb 2014 04:52 AM PST High family stress can lead to the child's immune system being affected, a research group has shown. Our immune system has the task of protecting us against bacteria and viruses. Our bodies are also equipped to handle everyday stress -– that is, stress that lasts only briefly. On the other hand, a difficult, stressful situation or long-term increase in stress can negatively affect the immune system. This kind of long-term stress can develop when a close family member dies or when adults are caught in tough, unmanageable situations. |
| Technique allows for radiation-free detection of tumors, study finds Posted: 18 Feb 2014 03:51 PM PST A way to scan young cancer patients' bodies for tumors without exposing them to radiation has been developed. The technique could reduce patients' risk of developing secondary cancers later in life. The new method is a modification of magnetic resonance imaging that employs a novel contrast agent to find tumors. The MRI-based method is as effective as cancer-detection scans that use ionizing radiation -- specifically, positron emission tomography-computed tomography -- the researchers found. |
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