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Tuesday, December 23, 2014

ScienceDaily: Top Technology News

ScienceDaily: Top Technology News


Gecko grippers get a microgravity test flight

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 05:54 PM PST

There are no garbage trucks equipped to leave the atmosphere and pick up debris floating around Earth. But what if we could send a robot to do the job? Scientists at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California, are working on adhesive gripping tools that could grapple objects such as orbital debris or defunct satellites that would otherwise be hard to handle.

Sun sizzles in high-energy X-rays

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 05:53 PM PST

For the first time, a mission designed to set its eyes on black holes and other objects far from our solar system has turned its gaze back closer to home, capturing images of our sun. NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array, or NuSTAR, has taken its first picture of the sun, producing the most sensitive solar portrait ever taken in high-energy X-rays.

Tales from a Martian rock: New chemical analysis of ancient Martian meteorite provides clues to planet's history of habitability

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 01:50 PM PST

A new analysis of a Martian rock that meteorite hunters plucked from an Antarctic ice field 30 years ago this month reveals a record of the planet's climate billions of years ago, back when water likely washed across its surface and any life that ever formed there might have emerged.

New non-invasive method can detect Alzheimer's disease early

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 11:30 AM PST

A noninvasive MRI approach that can detect the Alzheimer's disease in a living animal, well before typical Alzheimer's symptoms appear, has been developed by researchers. The research team created an MRI probe that pairs a magnetic nanostructure with an antibody that seeks out the amyloid beta brain toxins responsible for onset of the disease. The accumulated toxins, because of the associated magnetic nanostructures, show up as dark areas in MRI scans of the brain.

Mysteries of 'molecular machines' revealed: Phenix software uses X-ray diffraction spots to produce 3-D image

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 11:30 AM PST

Scientists are making it easier for pharmaceutical companies and researchers to see the detailed inner workings of molecular machines.

Crowdsourcing with mobile apps brings 'big data' to psychological research

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 10:15 AM PST

A fast-paced game app where players pretend they are baggage screening officers operating airport x-ray scanners has provided researchers with billions of pieces of data in record time, according to an article. "Mobile devices offer researchers an exciting new means to crowdsource an experiment using games that are actually tests of cognition or other brain functions," said the lead author of the report. "Questions that could have taken decades to answer in a laboratory setting, or that could not be realistically answered in a lab, can be examined using big data gathered in a relatively short time."

Decision 'cascades' in social networks

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 10:15 AM PST

People in social networks are often influenced by each other's decisions, resulting in a run of behaviors in which their choices become highly correlated, causing a cascade of decisions.

Universality of charge order in cuprate superconductors

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 10:15 AM PST

Scientists have now identified charge order in HgBa2CuO4 , a pristine cuprate material. A further important result of the study is the finding that the charge order is closely related to quantum oscillations under a magnetic field. Finding a universal connection between the period of these quantum oscillations and the spatial period of the charge order is one of the achievements of the study.

Using light to understand the brain

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 10:13 AM PST

An innovative way to understand how the brain works by using flashes of light, has been developed by researchers, allowing them to both 'read' and 'write' brain signals.The new technique combines two cutting-edge technologies for reading and writing electrical activity in the brain.

Piezoelectricity in a 2-D semiconductor: Piezoelectricty in molybdenum disulfide holds promise for future MEMS

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 10:13 AM PST

Researchers have opened the door to low-power off/on switches in micro-electro-mechanical systems, MEMS, and nanoelectronic devices, as well as ultrasensitive bio-sensors, with the first observation of piezoelectricity in a free standing two-dimensional semiconductor.

Light-emitting e-readers before bedtime can adversely impact sleep

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 10:13 AM PST

Use of a light-emitting electronic device (LE-eBook) in the hours before bedtime can adversely impact overall health, alertness, and the circadian clock which synchronizes the daily rhythm of sleep to external environmental time cues, according to new research that compared the biological effects of reading an LE-eBook compared to a printed book.

New technology makes tissues, someday maybe organs

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 08:16 AM PST

A new device for building large tissues from living components of three-dimensional microtissues borrows on ideas from electronics manufacturing. The Bio-Pick, Place, and Perfuse is a step toward someday making whole organs.

Scientists 'map' water vapor in Martian atmosphere

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 08:16 AM PST

Scientists have created a 'map' of the distribution of water vapor. Their research includes observations of seasonal variations in atmospheric concentrations using data collected over ten years by the Russian-French SPICAM spectrometer aboard the Mars Express orbiter. This is the longest period of observation and provides the largest volume of data about water vapor on Mars.

New distance rehabilitation system developed for patients with heart pathologies

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 05:43 AM PST

A new distance heart rehabilitation system based on physical exercise routines for people affected by heart pathologies has been developed by researchers. The system is designed for both chronic patients and the recovery of people who have suffered a heart event (for instance, a heart attack) or if they have had heart surgery. In any of these cases, it helps patients to exercise and adopt a healthy lifestyle.

The Milky Way's new neighbor: Tiny and isolated dwarf galaxy discovered

Posted: 22 Dec 2014 05:43 AM PST

The Milky Way, the galaxy we live in, is part of a cluster of more than 50 galaxies that make up the 'Local Group', a collection that includes the famous Andromeda galaxy and many other far smaller objects. Now a Russian-American team has added to the canon, finding a tiny and isolated dwarf galaxy almost 7 million light years away. The new galaxy, named KKs3 is located in the southern sky in the direction of the constellation of Hydrus and its stars have only one ten-thousandth of the mass of the Milky Way.

Mature motorists worse at texting and driving, study shows

Posted: 18 Dec 2014 09:08 AM PST

An interdisciplinary research team has made a surprising discovery: Older, more mature motorists -- who typically are better drivers in many circumstances -- are much worse than their younger counterparts when texting while driving.

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