ScienceDaily: Top News

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• Immune system discovery could lead to vaccine to prevent mono, some cancers
• Genes outside nucleus have disproportionate effect
• Heart attack patients return to work later, retire earlier if treatment is delayed
• Scientists help identify possible botulism blocker
• New technology can prevent cellular overload, dropped calls
• Compound in grapes, red wine could help treat multiple types of cancer
• Fish genital shape linked to predation
• Two forms of Parkinson's disease identified
• Change in circulating tumor cells detection has potential in prediction of prostate cancer
• Packaging stem cells in capsules for heart therapy
• Targeted treatment plus chemotherapy could benefit women with ovarian cancer
• Researchers discover new regulator of drug detoxication
• Cell growth discovery has implications for targeting cancer
• Cartilage damage could be repaired
• More salmon, more hydropower
• New theory of synapse formation in the brain
• Scientists identify protein linking exercise to brain health
• Mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic kidney disease
• Stem cell breakthrough could set up future transplant therapies
• Overweight, obese children face high risk of hypertension
• Preventable risk factors pose threat to heart health of childhood cancer survivors

Immune system discovery could lead to vaccine to prevent mono, some cancers Posted: 12 Oct 2013 06:30 AM PDT Development of a vaccine against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has taken a step forward with the Canadian discovery of how EBV infection evades detection by the immune system.

Genes outside nucleus have disproportionate effect Posted: 12 Oct 2013 06:30 AM PDT New research shows that the tiny proportion of a cell's DNA that is located outside the cell nucleus has a disproportionately large effect on a cell's metabolism. The work, with the model plant Arabidopsis, may have implications for future treatments for inherited diseases in humans.

Heart attack patients return to work later, retire earlier if treatment is delayed Posted: 12 Oct 2013 06:30 AM PDT System delays in treating patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction postpones their return to work and increases early retirement, according to research.

Scientists help identify possible botulism blocker Posted: 11 Oct 2013 10:53 AM PDT Scientists have decoded a key molecular gateway for the toxin that causes botulism, pointing the way to treatments that can keep the food-borne poison out of the bloodstream.

New technology can prevent cellular overload, dropped calls Posted: 11 Oct 2013 10:53 AM PDT When a natural disaster strikes and too many people take to their mobile phones at once, cellular networks easily overload. But a graduate student has developed a solution to ensure that calls don't get dropped and texts make it to their destination.

Compound in grapes, red wine could help treat multiple types of cancer Posted: 11 Oct 2013 10:53 AM PDT A recent study by a University of Missouri researcher shows that resveratrol, a compound found in grape skins and red wine, can make certain tumor cells more susceptible to radiation treatment. The next step is for researchers to develop a successful method to deliver the compound to tumor sites and potentially treat many types of cancers.

Fish genital shape linked to predation Posted: 11 Oct 2013 10:53 AM PDT When predators lurk nearby, male Bahamas mosquitofish (Gambusia hubbsi) change mating strategies, rejecting elaborate courting rituals for more frequent and sometimes forceful encounters with females. But as a recent study shows, mating strategies aren't the only things changing for G. hubbsi when predators abound. The shape and size of the male fish's genitalia are also linked to the presence or absence of predators.

Two forms of Parkinson's disease identified Posted: 11 Oct 2013 10:52 AM PDT Why can the symptoms of Parkinson's disease vary so greatly from one patient to another? A consortium of researchers is well on the way to providing an explanation. Parkinson's disease is caused by a protein known as alpha-synuclein, which forms aggregates within neurons, killing them eventually. The researchers have succeeded in characterizing and producing two different types of alpha-synuclein aggregates. Better still, they have shown that one of these two forms is much more toxic than the other and has a greater capacity to invade neurons.

Change in circulating tumor cells detection has potential in prediction of prostate cancer Posted: 11 Oct 2013 10:52 AM PDT A new study reveals that in the prediction of treatment outcome for castration-resistant prostate cancer, a change in circulating tumour cells detection might be more accurate than the change in prostate-specific antigen levels.

Packaging stem cells in capsules for heart therapy Posted: 11 Oct 2013 07:12 AM PDT In many studies of stem cell therapy for heart disease, most of the cells wash away in the first hour. Researchers encapsulate mesenchymal stem cells in alginate so that the cells stay alive and in the heart. In rats, the capsules promote healing after a heart attack. Alginate has several biomedical uses already so the path to translation looks good.

Targeted treatment plus chemotherapy could benefit women with ovarian cancer Posted: 11 Oct 2013 07:12 AM PDT Conventional chemotherapy could further extend life in some women with ovarian cancer when used in tandem with a new type of targeted treatment, a new international study shows. The research provides important evidence that PARP inhibitor drugs and chemotherapy can both be effective in the same patients, helping women live longer than they would if treated with chemotherapy alone.

Researchers discover new regulator of drug detoxication Posted: 11 Oct 2013 07:12 AM PDT Drug abuse and alcohol are two of the most frequent causes of liver damage. Such kind of liver damage can cause irreversible liver failure and cancer. Researchers have discovered an important new protective role of the Fra-1 protein, which neutralizes the damage caused by agents, such as the analgesic drug acetaminophen. This is the first study to reveal a function of Fra-1 in protecting this important organ.

Cell growth discovery has implications for targeting cancer Posted: 11 Oct 2013 07:11 AM PDT The way cells divide to form new cells — to support growth, to repair damaged tissues, or simply to maintain our healthy adult functioning — is controlled in previously unsuspected ways, researchers have discovered. The findings, they said, may lead to new ways to fight cancer.

Cartilage damage could be repaired Posted: 11 Oct 2013 06:40 AM PDT A team of scientists has developed a smart hydrogel material that could promote cartilage regeneration. Their method consists in releasing medication at the right place and at the right time. In the future, damage to cartilage following injuries may no longer have to be irreversible.

More salmon, more hydropower Posted: 11 Oct 2013 06:36 AM PDT Research shows that it is perfectly possible for rivers to produce more salmon and electricity at the same time; a new environmental handbook shows the way.

New theory of synapse formation in the brain Posted: 10 Oct 2013 05:53 PM PDT The human brain keeps changing throughout a person's lifetime. Researchers have now been able to ascribe the formation of new neural networks in the visual cortex to a simple homeostatic rule. With this explanation, they also provide a new theory on the plasticity of the brain -- and a novel approach to understanding learning processes and treating brain injuries and diseases.

Scientists identify protein linking exercise to brain health Posted: 10 Oct 2013 05:48 PM PDT A protein that is increased by endurance exercise has been isolated and given to non-exercising mice, in which it turned on genes that promote brain health and encourage the growth of new nerves involved in learning and memory, report scientists.

Mitochondrial dysfunction in diabetic kidney disease Posted: 10 Oct 2013 05:47 PM PDT Researchers have identified 13 metabolites – small molecules produced by cellular metabolism – that are significantly different in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease compared to healthy controls.

Stem cell breakthrough could set up future transplant therapies Posted: 10 Oct 2013 09:47 AM PDT A new method for creating stem cells for the human liver and pancreas, which could enable both cell types to be grown in sufficient quantities for clinical use, has been developed by scientists.

Overweight, obese children face high risk of hypertension Posted: 10 Oct 2013 09:46 AM PDT High body weight in children and adolescents is strongly associated with the likelihood of hypertension, according researchers.

Preventable risk factors pose threat to heart health of childhood cancer survivors Posted: 10 Oct 2013 09:43 AM PDT For childhood cancer survivors, risk factors associated with lifestyle, particularly hypertension, dramatically increase the likelihood of developing serious heart problems as adults, according to a national study.

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