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Tuesday, January 27, 2015

ScienceDaily: Top Technology News

ScienceDaily: Top Technology News


NOAA's DSCOVR going to a 'far out' orbit

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 02:06 PM PST

Many satellites that monitor the Earth orbit relatively close to the planet, while some satellites that monitor the sun orbit our star. DSCOVR will keep an eye on both, with a focus on the sun. To cover both the Earth and sun, it will have an unusual orbit in a place called L1.

Pilotless aircraft will play critical roles in precision agriculture

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 02:05 PM PST

A new article outlines many of the potential roles drones can play in university research, and the advantages they can offer in speed, cost and data collection.

Researchers use oxides to flip graphene conductivity

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 01:46 PM PST

A team of researchers has demonstrated a new way to change the amount of electrons that reside in a given region within a piece of graphene, they have a proof-of-principle in making the fundamental building blocks of semiconductor devices using the 2-D material.

Students master math through movement using Kinect for Windows

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 10:52 AM PST

Significant gains in the understanding of angles and angle measurements by elementary school students are seen in those who performed body-based tasks while interacting with a Kinect for Windows mathematics program.

Gigantic ring system around J1407b much larger, heavier than Saturn's

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 10:52 AM PST

Astronomers have discovered that the ring system that they see eclipse the very young Sun-like star J1407 is of enormous proportions, much larger and heavier than the ring system of Saturn.

Electronic circuits with reconfigurable pathways closer to reality

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 09:49 AM PST

Multitasking circuits capable of reconfiguring themselves in real time and switching functions as the need arises -- this is the promising application stemming from a new discovery. Other potential uses: miniaturizing our electronic devices and developing resilient circuits.

Largest-ever autism genome study finds most siblings have different autism-risk genes

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 09:46 AM PST

The largest-ever autism genome study reveals that the disorder's genetic underpinnings are more complex than previously thought: Most siblings who have autism have different autism-linked genes. The study's data is part of the historic first upload of approximately 1,000 autism genomes to the Autism Speaks MSSNG portal in Google Cloud Platform. The data will be openly available for global research in order to speed understanding of autism and the development of individualized treatments.

Cochlear implant users can hear, feel the beat in music

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 08:24 AM PST

People who use cochlear implants for profound hearing loss do respond to certain aspects of music, contrary to common beliefs and limited scientific research, says a research team. The scientists say exposure to the beat in music, such as drums, can improve the emotional and social quality-of-life of cochlear implant users and may even help improve their understanding and use of spoken language.

Researchers identify materials to improve biofuel, petroleum processing

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 08:23 AM PST

Using one of the largest supercomputers in the world, a team of researchers has identified potential materials that could improve the production of ethanol and petroleum products. The discovery could lead to major efficiencies and cost savings in these industries.

Swarm of microprobes to head for Jupiter

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 08:23 AM PST

A swarm of tiny probes each with a different sensor could be fired into the clouds of Jupiter and grab data as they fall before burning up in the gas giant planet's atmosphere. The probes would last an estimated 15 minutes according to planetary scientists. Transmitting 20 megabits of data over 15 minutes would be sufficient to allows scientists to get a picture of a large part of the atmosphere of the planet.

Meteosat-7 becomes EUMETSAT's longest-serving operational satellite

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 08:22 AM PST

On 24 January 2015, Meteosat-7 becomes the longest-serving operational satellite in EUMETSAT history, clocking up 17 years of monitoring the weather from space.

Nanoshuttle wear and tear: It’s the mileage, not the age

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 08:20 AM PST

As nanomachine design advances, researchers are moving from wondering if the nanomachine works to how long it will work -- an important question as there are so many potential applications, e.g., for medical uses including drug delivery and early diagnosis. Scientists observed a molecular shuttle powered by kinesin motor proteins and found it to degrade when operating, marking the first time degradation has been studied in detail in an active, autonomous nanomachine.

Hilltop panorama marks Mars rover's 11th anniversary

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 07:53 AM PST

A panorama from one of the highest elevations that NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity has reached in its 11 years on Mars includes the U.S. flag at the summit.

Helicopter could be 'scout' for Mars rovers

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 07:51 AM PST

Getting around on Mars is tricky business. Each NASA rover has delivered a wealth of information about the history and composition of the Red Planet, but a rover's vision is limited by the view of onboard cameras, and images from spacecraft orbiting Mars are the only other clues to where to drive it. To have a better sense of where to go and what's worth studying on Mars, it could be useful to have a low-flying scout.

Researchers make magnetic graphene

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 06:59 AM PST

Graphene has many desirable properties. Magnetism alas is not one of them. Magnetism can be induced in graphene by doping it with magnetic impurities, but this tends to disrupt graphene's electronic properties. Now physicists have found a way to induce magnetism in graphene while also preserving graphene's electronic properties. They have accomplished this by bringing a graphene sheet very close to a magnetic insulator -- an electrical insulator with magnetic properties.

Visualizing interacting electrons in a molecule

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 06:59 AM PST

Scientists have succeeded in directly imaging how electrons interact within a single molecule. Understanding this kind of electronic effects in organic molecules is crucial for their use in optoelectronic applications, for example in organic light-emitting diodes, organic field-effect transistors and solar cells.

Chemists find a way to unboil egg whites: Ability to quickly restore molecular proteins could slash biotechnology costs

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 06:59 AM PST

Chemists have figured out how to unboil egg whites -- an innovation that could dramatically reduce costs for cancer treatments, food production and other segments of the $160 billion global biotechnology industry, according to new findings.

Towards a scientific process freed from systemic bias

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 06:59 AM PST

Research on how science works -- the science of science -- can benefit from studying the digital traces generated during the research process, such as peer-reviewed publications. This type of research is crucial for the future of science and that of scientists, according to experts.

How cancer turns good cells to the dark side

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 06:57 AM PST

Biophysicists reveal how cancer uses notch-signaling pathways to promote metastasis. Their computer models provide a fresh theoretical framework for scientists who study ways to target cancer progression.

Entanglement on a chip: Breakthrough promises secure communications and faster computers

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 06:57 AM PST

A team of scientists has developed, for the first time, a microscopic component that is small enough to fit onto a standard silicon chip that can generate a continuous supply of entangled photons.

Faster annotation system for prokaryotic genomes unveiled

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 06:53 AM PST

A new version of a genome annotation system capable of analyzing more than 2,000 prokaryotic genomes per day has been revealed by scientists, helping researchers accelerate prokaryotic genomics-based studies worldwide (the average was 20 a day).

Majority of primary care physicians find that medical imaging improves patient care

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 06:53 AM PST

Large majorities of primary care physicians believe that advanced medical imaging, such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET), provides considerable value to patient care.

Medical radiation may be reduced to one-sixth with new mathematical discovery

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 05:40 AM PST

One of this century's most significant mathematical discoveries may reduce the number of measuring points to one-sixth of the present level. This means reduced exposure to radiation and faster medical imaging diagnostics.

New programming language for fast simulations

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 05:39 AM PST

Programming is a time-consuming process, and it may take many years to develop even a basic simulator. Researchers want to simplify this process. They have created a language similar to the language of mathematics. This allows them to subdivide the work process in such a way that reduces the time it takes to develop a simulator. A mathematician can then focus on what he or she knows best -- the simulator's area of application. Programming experts, on the other hand, can sit and work with "the translator" in order that the translated code can run faster, and they don't have to worry about the application.

Digital storytelling promotes HIV/AIDS education in Africa

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 05:38 AM PST

Children from poor backgrounds and with no previous technological experience are able to use digital storytelling to share their secrets and fears online, shows a recent doctoral thesis. The author has been involved in various projects in southern Africa focusing on the development of technologies that make it possible for children and youth to share their experiences of HIV and AIDS. Digital storytelling incorporates various types of media, including text, images, animations and sound.

Converting olive mash into cash

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 05:38 AM PST

An experimental system to create heat and power with waste from olive oil processing is up-and-running in Spain. The system shows a promising way forward for reducing environmental damage and converting organic waste to energy, scientists say.

Nanodiamonds: Promising use for delivering cancer drug to kill chemoresistant cancer stem cells more effectively

Posted: 26 Jan 2015 05:38 AM PST

Delivery of Epirubicin by nanodiamonds resulted in a normally lethal dosage of Epirubicin becoming a safe and effective dosage for treatment of liver cancer, researchers report after the conclusion of their study.

Infrared imaging technique operates at high temperatures

Posted: 23 Jan 2015 04:02 PM PST

A research team took advantage of superlattice architecture and new materials to develop a detector that does not require low temperatures to operate.

Cherenkov emissions provide investigators real-time tool for quality assurance in radiation therapy

Posted: 23 Jan 2015 04:01 PM PST

Using a simple camera and water tank, investigators demonstrated that induced Cherenkov light can be imaged and used to confirm that the complex spatial dose distribution imparted in dynamic treatment plans is being delivered correctly.

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