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Tuesday, August 5, 2014

ScienceDaily: Energy and Resources News

ScienceDaily: Energy and Resources News


Enhancing biofuel yields from biomass with novel new method

Posted: 04 Aug 2014 10:43 AM PDT

A versatile, relatively non-toxic, and efficient way to convert raw agricultural and forestry residues and other plant matter -- known as lignocellulosic biomass, into biofuels and chemicals -- has been developed by researchers. The method brings researchers closer to solving the long elusive goal of producing fuels and chemicals from biomass at high enough yields and low enough costs to become a viable alternative or replacement for petroleum-based fuels and chemicals.

Camelina used to build better biofuel

Posted: 04 Aug 2014 09:29 AM PDT

A biochemist is improving biofuels with a promising crop: Camelina sativa. The research may help boost rural economies and provide farmers with a value-added product. "Camelina could give farmers an extra biofuel crop that wouldn't be competing with food production," one researcher said. "This research can add value to the local agricultural economy by creating an additional crop that could fit in with the crop rotation."

Nanoscale details of electrochemical reactions in electric vehicle battery materials

Posted: 04 Aug 2014 07:03 AM PDT

Using a new method to track the electrochemical reactions in a common electric vehicle battery material under operating conditions, scientists have revealed new insight into why fast charging inhibits this material's performance. The results could inform battery makers' efforts to optimize materials for faster-charging batteries with higher capacity.

New material allows for ultra-thin solar cells

Posted: 04 Aug 2014 03:59 AM PDT

Extremely thin, semi-transparent, flexible solar cells could soon become reality. Scientists have managed to create a semiconductor structure consisting of two ultra-thin layers, which appears to be excellently suited for photovoltaic energy conversion. Several months ago, the team had already produced an ultra-thin layer of the photoactive crystal tungsten diselenide. Now, this semiconductor has successfully been combined with another layer made of molybdenum disulphide, creating a designer-material that may be used in future low-cost solar cells.

Designing inexpensive fuel cells: A protecting umbrella against oxygen

Posted: 04 Aug 2014 03:59 AM PDT

In the development of fuel cells the effort of generations of scientist and engineers have led to efficient and stable catalysts based on noble metals. These catalysts have reached the required threshold in terms of performance for applications such as electric cars. However, the high costs of the scarce noble metals render their widespread application economically less viable.

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